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proxy, also referred to as proxy, also known as proxy or proxy server is a server software that sits as a mediator between a client and server via the internet. With no intermediary users would send a request for an item straight to the server, and servers would deliver the resource directly back to the client. Although this method is easy to comprehend and implement, proxies can provide advantages such as increased speed, privacy, security, and much more. As a pass-through layer proxy is a gatekeeper for the internet between servers and users.




Generally speaking, the bundled bundle of server hardware with installed proxy software is also often referred too as a proxy server. However, this article will focus on proxy servers that are usually referred to as software, as well as those used in conjunction with web servers. This article will give a synopsis of the two primary kinds that are available, which is the forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own unique use case, and can be misinterpreted due to the identical terms.




This article will give you an understanding of different types of proxy services and the subtypes are, as well as how they are useful in common configurations. In this article, you can identify the situations in which you can benefit from proxy services and identify the most suitable alternative between reverse and forward proxy for any particular situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Forward proxy often called open proxy, also known as open proxy is an agent used by a user who wishes to make a request via the internet to the server that originated the request. In this situation, it's the situation that all requests made by the client should be routed direct at the forward proxy. This forward proxy in position of the customer will look over the request. In the beginning, it will decide whether this client is able to accept requests through this specific forward proxy. It then decides whether to refuse requests or redirect it to the original server. The client doesn't have a an internet connection directly; it can only access what the forward proxy allows the client access.




The most common reason to utilize forward proxy servers is to increase privacy or security online. A forward proxy is able to connect to the internet on behalf of clients, and in the process, it'll use an alternative IP address to the IP address originally used by the client.




Based on the way it has been configured in accordance with the way it was initially configured forward proxy can grant you various features and the capability to:




Avoid tracking ads.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can determine restrictions based upon your geographic place of residence.




Forward proxies can also be used in systems that offer central security and access based on permissions, such as in a workplace. If all traffic on the internet is routed via an open forward proxy, an administrator can allow access only to a few individuals to access the web. This is blocked by a standard firewall. Instead of keeping firewalls in place on the client layer that can comprise a range of computers that have different users and environment A firewall can be placed on top of an forward proxy layer.




Remember that forward proxies have to be manually setup before they can be used to use them, while reverse proxies are able to not be noticed by the user. Based on the fact that your IP address the user is transmitted to the server that generated it through the forward proxy privacy and anonymity may be granted or kept in the dark.




There are a variety of options to take into consideration for forward proxies




Apache An open-source, well-known web server that provides forward proxy capability.


Nginx: Another well-known open source server for web hosting that has forward proxy capabilities.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy that uses the HTTP protocol. It's not a complete Web server. Check out our tutorial on how to set up Squid proxy so that it allows private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol instead HTTP to allow it to be more suitable for scenarios such as peer-to-peer traffic. You may also want to examine how you can set up Dante proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy is a representative of the web server which takes care of the incoming requests of clients on behalf. The web server can be one server or several servers. It could also serve as an application server, such as Gunicorn. In all these instances, an application request is made by a user who is on the internet at large. Most of the time the request will be sent directly to the website server hosting the information the user wants. However reverse proxy acts as an intermediary in order to shield Web servers from direct contact with the internet's open.




From a perspective of the user that is a user's view, working via reverse proxy is the same as working with Web server directly. It functions similar to the web server and the client cannot tell the difference. Clients can request the resource, and is then given the resource without any additional configuration by the user.




Reverse proxies grant certain features, such as:




Centrally secured for Web Server Layer.


Controlling traffic that is incoming based on rules you set.


Added functionality for caching.




While centralized security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy services, reverse proxies provide this for the web server layer, and not to the client layer. instead of maintaining firewalls within the layer of web servers that can include multiple servers that have different configurations, most of the firewall security is targeted on the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, the detachment of the responsibility of interfacing with firewalls and connecting with requests from customers via web servers allows them to concentrate on satisfying the requirements of their customers.




If there are multiple servers that are running via reverse proxy, the reverse proxy could be also responsible for the direction in which requests are directed through which server. There may be several web servers that are serving similar resources each of them offering a different kind of services or a mixture of both. They can use the HTTP protocol to operate as a standard internet server, but they can include applications server protocols like FastCGI. It is possible to configure reverse proxy servers redirecting visitors to a particular server based on the type of resource they're searching for, or follow certain rules regarding traffic load.




Reverse proxies are also able to benefit from their positioning before web servers, by providing the ability to cache. Large static assets can be in a position to be set up using caching rules that prevent them from getting into web servers with every request. There are options that offer the option of providing static files in a direct manner without connecting to the web server in any way. In addition, reverse proxy will manage the compression of these files.




The renowned Nginx website server a popular reverse proxy option. Although Apache is also a reverse proxy service it is not the only one. Apache web server is equipped with a reverse proxy function, it is a different option in Apache but Nginx was initially designed and focused on the reverse proxy feature.



The difference in Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use Examples



Since "forward" or "reverse" are both associated with directionality, they also create false comparisons with "incoming" or "outgoing" traffic. They can be confusing as both types of proxies can handle requests as well as responses. In addition, the most effective method to differentiate between reverse and forward proxies is to look at the requirements of the application that you are building.




Reverse proxy is beneficial when creating an approach to connect web-based applications on the internet. They serve as your servers whenever you connect to the internet.




Forward proxy is helpful when put before the client for your personal use or in a workplace setting. They are your client's proxy whenever you interact on the internet.




Differentiating by case of use rather than focusing solely on the same naming conventions will make sure that you don't get confused.



Conclusion



This article defined what a proxy is with two kinds, specifically the forward proxy and the reverse proxy. Practical applications and an examination of the benefits were utilized to distinguish between forward and reverse proxy. If you're looking to learn more about how to implement proxy servers, then you must read our tutorial on how to configure Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy within Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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